Climate Cooperation China
On behalf of the International Climate Initiative (IKI)

China’s coal consumption dropped under 60% of the energy mix for the first time

In 2018, coal accounted for 59% of China’s total energy consumption. For the first time, coal has accounted for less than 60% of primary energy mix in China. With this development, China is confident to reach its 13th Five-Year Plan goal of reducing coal to under 58% of total energy consumption in 2020.

As the world’s largest coal producer for many years, China’s economy benefited from its abundant coal resource. For this reason, coal was very dominant in the primary energy structure of China. In the 1950s, coal occupied more than 90% of the total energy consumption. In recent years, due to the transition to a low-carbon economy and the strengthening of the environmental standards, coal consumption has slowed down quickly.

More policy news

China issues National Climate Plan for 2026–2030

On 27 July 2026, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) and 18 other national authorities jointly issued the “National Climate Change Plan for the 15th Five-Year Plan Period”. The plan covers the period 2026–2030 and addresses mitigation, adaptation, carbon markets, product carbon footprints and climate governance.

The plan builds on the objectives of the general 15th Five-Year Plan (FYP) for National Economic and Social Development, adopted in March 2026, and of the State Council’s “Action Plan for Carbon Peaking during the 15th Five-Year Plan Period”, issued earlier this month. While the “Action Plan for Carbon Peaking” focuses mainly on energy and sectoral carbon dioxide (CO2) reductions, the new national climate plan also addresses non-CO2 gases, climate risk and the data systems needed to implement climate policy.

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China sets out how it intends to peak carbon emissions before 2030

On 9 July 2026, the State Council published the “Action Plan for Carbon Peaking during the 15th Five-Year Plan Period (2026–2030)”. The plan translates the climate objectives of the 15th Five-Year Plan, adopted in March 2026, into sector-level measures for energy, industry, transport, buildings and carbon markets. It is the central instrument through which China intends to reach its target of peaking carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions before 2030, and prepare the ground for carbon neutrality before 2060.

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