Climate Cooperation China
On behalf of the International Climate Initiative (IKI)

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Ministry of Natural Resources publishes implementing measures on the protection and sustainable utilisation of natural resources

The Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) of China has released the “Implementation Opinions on Solidly Promoting the Construction of a Beautiful China through the Protection and Sustainable Utilisation of Natural Resources” on 5 August 2024, proposing 28 measures for the improvement of the national spatial development pattern and the conservation of natural resources. The policy emphasises that protecting natural resources is an inherent requirement for “building a Beautiful China” (strategic concept of the Chinese government emphasising effective ecological protection, sustainable resource use, and harmonious coexistence with nature). Main points mentioned are the improvement of the national spatial planning system, the establishment of a system of natural protected area with national parks, and the strengthening of energy and resource management.

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NEA releases action plan for high-quality distribution grid development (2024-2027)

The Action Plan for High-Quality Distribution Grid Development (2024–2027) issued by China’s National Energy Administration (NEA) complements the broader strategy outlined in the Action Plan for Accelerating the New Type Power System (2024–2027). This plan specifically focuses on upgrading China’s distribution grid to meet the challenges posed by the energy transition and the nation’s carbon neutrality goals. It aims to ensure the grid’s capacity to handle the increasing demand from emerging market participants such as distributed renewable energy sources and electric vehicles (EVs).

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China expands carbon market and refines voluntary emissions reduction mechanisms

In September 2024, China has issued several key policy documents to expand and gradually refine both its compliance carbon market and its voluntary emissions reduction mechanisms.  
The Work Plan for Expanding the National Carbon Emissions Trading Market to Include the Cement, Steel, and Electrolytic Aluminium Industries released by the Chinese Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) at the beginning of September 2024 has garnered widespread attention. The draft that has been put up for public consultation proposes the inclusion of high-emission sectors such as cement, iron and steel, as well as electrolytic aluminium into the national carbon trading system (referred to as national ETS), starting already in 2024. This move will greatly expand the market’s coverage to around 8 Gts of CO2, which make up 60% of China’s total emissions, according to the MEE.

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NDRC, NEA, and NDA issue action plan on power system transformation (2024-2027)

In August 2024, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), National Energy Administration (NEA), and National Data Administration (NDA) jointly released the “Action Plan for Accelerating the New Type Power System (2024–2027)”. This action plan is designed to advance China’s energy transition and align it with national goals to achieve carbon peaking and neutrality (“dual carbon” targets). It addresses pressing challenges in power system transformation, such as grid modernisation, renewable energy integration, and energy security.

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EU and China Enhance Cooperation on Emissions Trading

On June 18th, 2024, the European Commission and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) of the People’s Republic of China signed the Memorandum of Understanding to Enhance cooperation on Emissions Trading (hereinafter referred to as “the MOU”) in Brussels to replace the previous one which was signed on July 18th, 2018. Building on the EU-China Climate Change Partnership and bilateral projects, the cooperation will continue for a period of five years.

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Work Plan for Accelerating the Establishment of a Dual Control System for Carbon Emissions

On August 2, the State Council released a “Work Plan for Accelerating the Establishment of a Dual-Control System for Carbon Emissions.” Historically, China has focused on managing both the total energy consumption and energy intensity since the 1980s—a strategy known as “dual control of energy.” However, with the growing need to combat climate change and utilize the comparative advantage of clean energy, the Chinese government announced in 2021 that it would gradually transform from a system of “dual control of energy” to a system of “dual control of carbon emission”. In July 2023, the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform officially endorsed the shift from energy dual control to carbon emission dual control.

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NDRC Publishes Power Market Operation Rules

On 14 May 2024, the NDRC published the Basic Rules for Power Market Operation. This marks the first revision of these rules in 19 years. The new market operation rules are a comprehensive package divided into eleven chapters and 45 articles, and define significant changes compared to the 2005 version. The new electricity market operation rules came into effect on 1 July 2024 and aim to improve various aspects of market design and operation.

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Progress Report on China’s Climate Change Adaptation (2023)

To make a first assessment on the implementation of the National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change 2035, China’s Ministry of Ecology and the Environment (MEE) issued a progress report on China’s climate change adaptation on June 2, which systematically summarizes the achievements of China’s adaptation to climate change since 2022.

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